1) Farhat Aziz, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, SCPM College of Nursing & Paramedical Sciences, Gonda, India.
2) Shubham Saini, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SCPM College of Nursing & Paramedical Sciences, Gonda, India.
3) Reena Devi, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SCPM College of Nursing & Paramedical Sciences, Gonda, India.
4) Shubhangi Tiwari, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
5) Pawan Joshi, Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Corresponding Author:
Mr. Pawan Joshi Department of Biochemistry, NIMS University Jaipur, Rajasthan Email: joshi.biochem95@gmail.com Phone: +91-9458705829
JSCCR.ORG, ISSN-E: 3048-7234, Volume 1, Issue 1, Page 77-91, October 5, 2024
Abstract:
Transcription factors (TFs) are essential regulators of gene expression, controlling numerous cellular processes by binding to specific DNA sequences and modulating transcription. They play critical roles in cellular differentiation, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of TFs, focusing on their molecular mechanisms, regulatory functions, and involvement in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and genetic conditions. It also explores emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting TFs, such as small molecule inhibitors, CRISPR-based genome editing, and RNA-based therapies. Innovative approaches like proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and strategies to modulate protein-protein interactions are discussed, highlighting the ongoing challenges in developing drugs against TFs, which have traditionally been considered difficult to target. The review concludes with an outlook on future directions, including advancements in personalized medicine, synthetic biology, and novel drug delivery systems, offering promising avenues for targeting previously undruggable TFs and providing new therapeutic opportunities for complex diseases.
Keywords: Transcription factors, Gene expression, DNA-binding, gene regulation, genome editing, Small molecule inhibitors, PROTACs, RNA-based therapies.
Comments